Changes to the Sigma Xi Constitution and Bylaws to Implement Governance Proposal

1. Sigma Xi, The Scientitic Research Society
2. Constitution of the Society

3. ARTICLE I. Name, Object and Activities of the Society
4. The name of this Society is SIGMA XI, THE SCIENTIFIC
5. RESEARCH SOCIETY. The Society is an honor society, and its
6. motto is: "Companions in Zealous Research," from the Greek
7. words, Spoudon Xunon_s (Spoudon Xynones). The object of this
8. society is to encourage original investigation in science, pure and
9. applied.

10. The fields of activity of the Society are the pure and applied natural
11. sciences. In general, these include the physical sciences, the life and
12. agricultural sciences, the earth sciences, the medical sciences,
13. mathematics and engineering. The activities of the Society shall be
14. those appropriate to the object of the Society and particularly those
15. set forth in the Bylaws.

16. No part of the net earnings of the Society shall inure to the benefit of
17. any individual including, without limitation, the directors, officers,
18. or members of the Society, except as reasonable compensation for
19. services actually rendered to the Society in effecting one or more of
20. its purposes. No significant part of the activities of the Society shall
21. consist of carrying on propaganda or otherwise attempting to
22. influence legislation. The Society shall not participate in, or
23. intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of statements),
24. any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office.
25. Upon dissolution or termination of the existence of the Society, all of
26. its property and assets shall, after payment of the lawful debts of the
27. Society and the expenses of its dissolution or termination, be
28. delivered, conveyed, and paid over to such organization or
29. organizations at the time exempt under the provisions of Section 501
30. (c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as now or hereafter amended, as
31. the Board of Directors shall determine.

32. ARTICLE II. Membership in the Society

33. Section 1. Active and Inactive Membership. The Society consists
34. of active and inactive members. Active members may be affiliated
35. with a chapter. If not so affiliated, active members shall be enrolled
36. in the Membership-at-Large. Any inactive member may become an
37. active member at any time by payment of current dues.

38. Section 2. Members and Associate Members. The membership of
39. the Society is divided into Members and Associate Members, each
40. of whom shall have taken the Pledge of the Society. Such
41. membership shall be attested by a suitable certificate. Members and
42. Associate Members are elected or promoted to membership by a
43. chapter or by a committee designated by the Board of Directors. the
44. Committee on Qualifications and Membership. Associate Members
45. have all of the privileges of Members, except for such restrictions as
46. are specifically stated in this Constitution or in the Bylaws of the
47. Society, or in the bylaws of the chapter with which the member is
48. affiliated.

49. Section 3. Requirements for Election or Promotion to

50. Membership. A. Member. Any individual who has shown
51. noteworthy achievement as an original investigator in a field of pure
52. or applied science is eligible for election or promotion to full
53. membership in the Society. by a chapter or the Committee on
54. Qualifications and Membership.

55. B. Associate Member. Any individual who has through initial
56. research achievement in a field of pure or applied science shown
57. aptitude for research which is expected in due course to lead to the
58. fulfillment of the requirements for full membership, is eligible for
59. election to associate membership in the Society. by a chapter or the
60. Committee on Qualifications and Membership.

61. C. Procedures for Nomination, Election, Promotion and
62. Transfer. Procedures to be followed for the nomination and
63. election to membership or associate membership, for promotion
64. from Associate Member to Member, for transfer between active and
65. inactive status, for Life Membership and for transfer to emeritus
66. status are set forth in the Bylaws.

67. Section 4. Honorary Members. Notwithstanding any other
68. provisions of this Constitution, the Board of Directors, by a two-
69. thirds majority vote, shall have the power to elect Honorary
70. Members of the Society. Those nominated for such membership
71. shall be distinguished individuals, not otherwise eligible for
72. membership, who have served science, or the Society, in a manner or
73. to a degree that merits such recognition. Not more than two
74. Honorary Members may be elected in any one year. They shall hold
75. membership for life without payment of dues or fees; and shall have
76. all the privileges of other active Members, except that they shall not
77. vote nor hold office in the Society.

78. ARTICLE III. Organization of the Society

79. Section 1. Chapters. (i) The units of the Society are chapters. The
80. chapters participate in the governance of the Society in the manner
81. and to the extent set forth in the Constitution and Bylaws, which in
82. turn govern the acts, duties, responsibilities and privileges of the
83. chapters. Chapters may adopt such bylaws as are appropriate for
84. their governance, provided such bylaws do not conflict with the
85. Constitution and Bylaws of the Society. Procedures governing the
86. establishment and conduct of chapters and for the affiliation of
87. active members therewith are set forth in the Bylaws.

88. (ii) The membership-at-large participates in the governance of the
89. Society in the manner and to the extent set forth in the Constitution
90. and Bylaws.

91. Section 2. The Assembly of Delegates. A. Governance. The
92. governance of the Society rests in an Assembly of Delegates at
93. which the chapters and the membership-at-large are entitled to
94. representation as hereinafter provided.

95. B. Convening an Assembly of Delegates. An Assembly of
96. Delegates shall be convened annually in conjunction with the
97. Society's Annual Meeting which shall be held at such time and place
98. as may be determined by the Board of Directors. Notice of each
99. Annual Meeting and the Assembly of Delegates shall be given to
100. each chapter by letter, and also by announcement in the official
101. journal of the Society at least 60 days prior to convening of the
102. Assembly of Delegates.

103. C. Selection of Delegates. (i) By Chapters. Each chapter shall be
104. entitled to be represented by not more than three delegates at the
105. Assembly of Delegates. Such delegates shall be selected from
106. among the Members of the chapter and certified by the president or
107. the secretary of said chapter except that a chapter unable to appoint
108. any or all of the delegates to which it is entitled from among its own
109. Members may appoint Members of other chapters.

110. (ii) For the Membership-at-Large. The membership-at-large is
111. entitled to be represented at the Assembly of Delegates. The manner
112. of this representation shall be set forth in the Bylaws.

113. D. Limitation of Delegates. No delegate may represent more than
114. one chapter at an Assembly of Delegates, nor shall a delegate
115. representing the membership-at-large also represent a chapter.

116. E. Board Members. Each member of the Board of Directors in
117. attendance at the Annual Meeting, but not designated as an
118. accredited delegate of a chapter or the membership-at-large shall be
119. accredited as a delegate, without vote, and as such shall have the
120. privileges of the floor in the General Assembly of Delegates or in a
121. caucus Regional Assembly.

122. F. Quorum and Voting. At any session of a duly called Assembly
123. of Delegates the accredited delegates present shall constitute a
124. quorum for the transaction of business. All accredited delegates
125. shall have the privileges of the floor to discuss any matter before the
126. Assembly. Proponents and opponents shall be allotted equal time
127. subject only to the limitations of debate deemed necessary by the
128. presiding officer. When voting, each chapter represented by one to
129. three accredited delegates is entitled to cast one vote while each of
130. the delegates representing the membership-at-large is entitled to cast
131. one vote on each issue before the Assembly of Delegates, hereinafter
132. in this Constitution and in the Bylaws referred to as a "vote of the
133. Assembly of Delegates."

134. Section 3. Officers of the Society. A. Officers. The officers of
135. the Society shall be a President, a President-elect, an Immediate Past
136. President, a Treasurer and an Executive Director.

137. B. Electing Officers. Officers, other than the Executive Director,
138. duly nominated, shall be elected by a plurality vote of the Assembly
139. of Delegates following procedures set forth in the Bylaws. Terms of
140. office shall commence on 1 July of the year next following election,
141. and shall continue for a period of one year for the President,
142. President-elect and Immediate Past President, and for a period of
143. four years for the Treasurer, or until their successors have been
144. elected and qualified.

145. C. Succession. Upon the expiration of the term of the President, the
146. President-elect shall become the President, the President shall
147. become the Immediate Past President and the Immediate Past
148. President shall become the most recently retired President.

149. D. Vacancies. Vacancies in the Office of President, President-elect,
150. Immediate Past President or Treasurer shall be filled in a manner
151. prescribed in the Bylaws.

152. Section 4. Board of Directors. A. Membership. The Society
153. shall have a Board of Directors consisting of the following Directors
154. members: President, President-elect, Immediate Past President,
155. Treasurer, Executive Director (without vote), and twelve to fifteen
156. additional Directors nominated and elected as set forth in the
157. Bylaws. 12 Regional Directors, 6 Directors-at-Large and the
158. Chairmen of the Standing Committees if not otherwise members.

159. B. Electing Directors. Directors shall be elected in conjunction
160. with the Assembly of Delegates following procedures set forth in the
161. Bylaws. Terms of office of Directors shall commence on 1 July of
162. the year next following election and shall continue for a period of
163. three years, or until their successors have been elected and qualified.

164. B. Regional Directors. Regional Directors shall be elected by the
165. several Regional Assemblies of Delegates held in conjunction with
166. the General Assembly of Delegates following procedures set forth in
167. the Bylaws. Terms of office of Regional Directors shall commence
168. on 1 July of the year next following election and shall continue for a
169. period of three years, or until their successors have been elected and
170. qualified.

171. C. Directors-at-Large. Directors-at-Large shall be elected by a
172. vote of the Assembly of Delegates following the procedures set forth
173. in the Bylaws. Terms of office of Directors-at-Large shall
174. commence on 1 July of the year next following election and shall
175. continue for a period of three years, or until their successors have
176. been elected and qualified.

177. D. C. Duties of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors
178. shall manage the activities, property and affairs of the Society,
179. subject to the direction of, and in accordance with, policies
180. established by the Assembly of Delegates. Without limiting the
181. generality of the foregoing, it shall be the particular duty of the
182. Board of Directors to: consider and act on granting and revoking
183. charters for chapters and determine questions of eligibility for
184. membership in the Society where there is doubt regarding eligibility.

185. Section 5. Executive Committee of the Board of Directors. A.
186. Membership. The Board of Directors shall have an Executive
187. Committee consisting of the President, President-elect, Immediate
187. Past President, Treasurer, and two other Directors selected in
188. accordance with the provisions of the Bylaws. one senior Director-
190. at-Large, one Regional Director and one Committee Chairman.
191. Selection of the Director-at-Large, the Regional Director and the
192. Committee Chairman shall be made in accordance with provisions
193. of the Bylaws.

194. B. Duties. Duties of the Executive Committee of the Board of
195. Directors are set forth in the Bylaws.

196. Section 6. Standing Committees of the Society. The Society shall
197. have a Committee on Finances, a Committee on Audit Review, and
198. a Committee on Nominations, and such other committees as are
199. established by the Board of Directors. Procedures governing the
200. establishment and activities of committees are set forth in the
201. Bylaws. The Standing Committees, together with the composition
202. and duties of each, are set forth in the Bylaws.

203. Section 7. Meetings of the Board of Directors, its Executive
204. Committee, and Standing Committees. Meetings of the Board of
205. Directors shall be held not less than twice annually, while the its
206. Executive Committee and standing other committees shall meet as
207. required. Meetings of the Board of Directors and of its Executive
208. Committee shall normally be called by the President, but may be
209. called by any other officer. Meetings of a standing committee shall
210. be called by the Chair Chairman, after consultation with the
211. Executive Director, but may be called by any officer after
212. consultation with the Committee Chair Chairman. Notice of a
213. meeting shall be given as provided for in the Bylaws, and the Society
214. shall reimburse directors, committee members and officers for all
215. reasonable expenses actually incurred in attending such meetings.

216. Section 8. Restriction on Membership. Only active, full Members
217. are eligible for office or membership on standing committees.

218. Section 9. The Executive Director. The Board of Directors, upon
219. the recommendation of its Executive Committee, shall appoint the
220. Executive Director to serve without term. Such appointment may be
221. terminated at any time by either party, provided that such termination
222. shall in no way impair such contract obligations, if any, as are in
223. effect between the two parties. Duties and responsibilities of the
224. Executive Director are set forth in the Bylaws.

225. Section 10. The Corporation. The management of the property,
226. affairs and the business of the Society is vested in a corporation
227. known as SIGMA XI, THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SOCIETY,
228. INCORPORATED, hereinafter and in the Bylaws referred to as the
229. Corporation. The Board of Directors of said Corporation shall be
230. identical with that of the voluntary association known as Sigma Xi,
231. The Scientific Research Society, herein and in the Bylaws referred to
232. as the Society.

233. ARTICLE IV. Dues and Expenses of the Society

234. Section 1. Dues and Fees. Annual dues, life membership fees,
235. initial fees, promotion fees and necessary assessments upon the
236. active membership shall be recommended by the Board of Directors
237. to, and authorized by, the Assembly of Delegates. Chapters may set
238. additional local dues and collect them directly or through the
239. Treasurer of the Society. Further provisions with regard to dues and
240. fees are set forth in the Bylaws.

241. Section 2. Authority for Payment. The Executive Director and the
242. Treasurer are authorized to sign vouchers on behalf of the Society in
243. payment of proper expenses of the Society.

244. Section 3. The Society's Year. The Society's Year shall commence
245. on 1 July of each year and terminate on 30 June of the succeeding
246. year.

247. ARTICLE V. Motto, Seal and Insignia of the Society

248. The Motto of the Society is set forth in Article I of this Constitution.
248. The Monogram of the Society shall be the Greek letter S (Sigma)
250. superimposed on the Greek letter X (Xi). The Seal of the Society
251. shall incorporate the monogram and the motto, and is described in
252. the Bylaws. The insignia of the Society are described in the Bylaws.

253. ARTICLE VI. Amendment of the Constitution

254. This Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds majority vote of
255. the Assembly of Delegates, provided that the amendment has first
256. been considered by the Board of Directors and is presented, together
257. with its recommendation for approval or disapproval, to the chapters
258. not less than 60 days prior to the convening of the Assembly of
259. Delegates at which it is to be considered. The publication of the
260. proposed amendment in the official journal of the Society shall
261. constitute full notice as required by this Article. An exception to this
262. procedure may be made in the case of a minor modification proposed
263. from the floor of the Assembly of Delegates and adopted by a two-
264. thirds vote of said Assembly, provided that the modification does not
265. alter the intent of the amendment offered in the normal manner
266. herein prescribed.

267. ARTICLE VII. Bylaws

268. Bylaws as necessary for the proper governance of the Society may be
269. enacted or modified by the vote of two-thirds of the members of the
270. Board of Directors entitled to vote, to become operative not less than
271. 90 days after adoption provided that such Bylaws do not in any way
272. modify or conflict with this Constitution and that each chapter shall
273. have been advised of the amendment to the Bylaws within 30 days
274. after its adoption, and further provided that, if more than one chapter
275. shall object in writing to the Executive Director within 90 days after
276. its adoption, said amendment shall be held in abeyance until the next
277. Assembly of Delegates, at which time a majority vote of the
278. Assembly of Delegates shall be required for its adoption and for it to
279. become immediately operational. Bylaws, or amendments to
280. existing Bylaws, that are required as a consequence of changes in the
281. Constitution may be enacted by a majority vote of the Assembly of
282. Delegates at the time that the change in the Constitution is approved
283. by the Assembly. The proposed changes in the Bylaws shall have
284. received prior consideration by the Board of Directors and shall be
285. presented to the chapters with the relevant proposed amendment to
286. the Constitution, in the manner prescribed in Article VI.

1. Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
2. Bylaws of the Society

3. BYLAW I. Activities of the Society. Activities appropriate to the
4. fulfillment of the object of the Society include: the election to
5. membership and associate membership in the Society of students,
6. faculty members, investigators in research institutions and others
7. who meet the requirements for membership set forth in Article II,
8. Section 3 A and B of the Constitution; the maintenance of
9. companionship among the membership in various fields of science
10. through association with chapters; the holding of meetings for the
11. discussion of scientific subjects; the publication of American
12. Scientist and other publications devoted to the dissemination of

13. scientific information, especially the results of research in progress;
14. and the encouragement of scientific research through other means
15. such as Grants-in-Aid of Research to individual investigators, the
16. presentation of awards for excellence in research and the
17. maintenance of the lectureship programs.

18. BYLAW II. Membership in the Society

19. Section 1. Membership of Chapters.
20. A. Chapters. The membership of a chapter, subject to the
21. requirements of Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, shall
22. consist of the active Members and the active Associate Members
23. who present satisfactory credentials showing election to membership
24. in the Society, who request affiliation with the chapter and who are
25. accepted by the chapter. They shall be recorded as such in the
26. Headquarters of the Society.

27. B. Membership-at-Large. The membership-at-large, subject to the
28. requirements of Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, shall
29. consist of the active Members and the active Associate Members
30. who are not affiliated with any chapter. They shall be recorded as
31. such in the Headquarters of the Society.

32. Section 2. Criteria for Membership. A. General Requirements.
33. In the expanding field of science, enumeration of those disciplines
34. appropriate to membership in the Society is not possible as the sole
35. basis for defining the criteria for membership. For this reason,
36. nomination of an individual engaged in scientific research may be
37. made provided that the nominee is, by the quantitative emphasis of
38. the work combined with its synthesis and qualitative stature, deemed
39. eligible for nomination.

40. B. Noteworthy Achievement. Noteworthy achievement in research
41. specified for election or promotion to full membership, Article II,
42. Section 3 A of the Constitution, must be evidenced by publications,
43. patents, written reports or a thesis or dissertation, which must be
44. available to the Committee on Admissions if requested. If the work
45. is "classified," it shall be assessed for the Committee on Admissions
46. by a "cleared" Member. Membership in the Society is neither linked
47. to the possession of any degree nor contingent upon belonging to
48. some other organization.

49. C. Research Aptitude. Research aptitude specified for election to
50. associate membership, Article II, Section 3 B of the Constitution,
51. must be evidenced by independent investigation ordinarily resulting
52. in a written report, which must be available to the Committee on
53. Admissions if requested. If the work is "classified," it shall be
54. assessed for the Committee on Admissions by a "cleared" Member.
55. Associate membership is offered to encourage young investigators
56. with promise to continue careers in research. In making the
57. nomination for such membership, both the nominator and the
58. seconder attest to the nominee's potential for future promotion to
59. Member.

60. Section 3. Nomination Procedures. A. Responsibility. The
61. responsibility for nomination of an individual for membership in the
62. Society, and thus upholding the high ideals of the Society, rests upon
63. the Members of the Society. Only those individuals whose research
64. achievements deserve special recognition should be nominated as
65. Members, and only those individuals whose potential for future
66. success in research, and thus eventual attainment of full
67. membership, should be nominated for Associate Members.
68. Membership in Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society is an
69. honor and requires discriminating judgment on the part of the
70. membership and of the Committee on Admissions.

71. B. To a Chapter. Each nomination for election as a Member or an
72. Associate Member to a chapter shall: (i) be made in writing, (ii)
73. present full evidence of the eligibility of the nominee, and (iii) be
74. signed by at least two active Members of the chapter as nominator
75. and seconder. Such written nomination shall be sent to the secretary
76. of the chapter who shall, in turn, deliver it to the Committee on
77. Admissions of the chapter for its consideration.

78. C. To the Membership-at-Large. Each nomination for election as
79. a Member or an Associate Member to the membership-at-large shall:
80. (i) be made in writing, (ii) present full evidence of the eligibility of
81. the nominee, and (iii) be signed by at least two active Members of
82. the Society as nominator and seconder. Nominations for Associate
83. Members shall be signed by Members of the nominee's current
84. institution, or shall explain how the nominator/seconder have
85. personal knowledge of the nominee's research activities and
86. contributions. All nominations to the membership-at-large shall be
87. sent for consideration to the secretary of the Ccommittee designated
88. by the Board of Directors on Qualifications and Membership for
89. consideration by as its Committee on Admissions.

90. Section 4. Committee on Admissions. A. Selection. (i) Of a
91. chapter. Each chapter shall have a Committee on Admissions
92. composed of Members of the chapter and selected in a manner
93. prescribed in the bylaws of the chapter.

94. (ii) Of the Board of Directors Committee on Qualifications and
95. Membership. The Board of Directors shall designate an appropriate
96. committee to Committee on Qualifications and Membership shall
97. serve as a Committee on Admissions. for the membership-at-large.

98. B. Duties and Responsibilities. (i) Consideration of Nominees.
99. Each Committee on Admissions shall carefully consider and vote on
100. all nominations that have been duly received, and shall recommend
101. to the chapter for election/promotion those candidates for full
102. membership or associate membership who have been approved by
103. the Committee.

104. (ii) Review of the Roster. The Committee on Admissions of a
105. chapter shall periodically review the roster of Associate Members
106. with the view of possible promotion to full membership. Also, an
107. Associate Member may submit to the secretary of the chapter which
108. elected him, or to the secretary of the chapter with which the
109. Associate Member is currently affiliated, evidence of eligibility for
110. promotion to full membership.

111. Section 5. Election to Membership. A. Responsibility.
112. Responsibility for the election of an individual to membership in the
113. Society as a Member or Associate Member is vested in the full
114. membership of a chapter or in the committee so designated by the
115. Board. Committee on Qualifications and Membership. In the
116. election of new members, the full membership shall be guided by the
117. recommendations of the Committee on Admissions.

118. B. Procedures. (i) Of a Chapter. A chapter shall vote only on
119. those nominees for membership who have been recommended by the
120. Committee on Admissions. An affirmative vote of at least three-
121. fourths of the Members present and voting at a meeting shall be
122. necessary for election or promotion.

123. (ii) Of the Committee Designated by the Board on
124. Qualifications and Membership. The Ccommittee designated by
125. the Board on Qualifications and Membership shall elect or promote
126. to membership in the Society those nominees of which the
127. Committee approves.

128. (iii) Exception for Chapters. Without limiting its own power in
129. paragraph B (i) above, a chapter may empower its Committee on
130. Admissions to elect/promote to membership or associate
131. membership in the Society provided that in each such
132. election/promotion a unanimous vote of the Committee shall be
133. required.

134. Section 6. Initiation of New Members. A. Procedures. (i)
135. Member-elect present. Each Member-elect and each Associate
136. Member-elect in a chapter shall, except as provided for in (ii) below,
137. be initiated at such time after the election as the bylaws of the
138. chapter prescribe and in accordance with the form prescribed in B,
139. below, before being admitted to membership in the Society. At the
140. conclusion of the initiation ceremony, the new members shall be
141. presented to the chapter.

142. (ii) Member-elect or Associate Member-elect Absent and
143. Member-elect or Associate Member-elect by the Committee
144. Designated by the Board on Qualifications and Membership.
145. Any Members-elect or Associate Members-elect who are unable to
146. attend a regular initiation ceremony are required to state to either the
147. president of the electing chapter or to the Chair Chairman of the
148. Ccommittee designated by the Board on Qualifications and
149. Membership, that they (a) have read the Constitution and (b) assent
150. in writing to the Pledge, whereupon they shall be admitted to
151. membership in the Society.

152. (iii) Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall be initiated
153. into the Society by the President, or by a person designated by the
154. President, at a suitable ceremony.

155. B. Pledge of the Society. Members-elect and Associate Members-
156. elect shall be informed of the aims and objectives of the Society, and
157. shall be required to assent, either orally or in writing to the president
158. of the electing chapter or the president's his deputy, or in writing to
159. the Chair Chairman of the Ccommittee designated by the Board on
160. Qualifications and Membership, to the following Pledge: "Do you
161. hereby pledge yourself, in accordance with the purposes and
162. objectives of Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, to
163. encourage original investigations in science, to foster companionship
164. and cooperation among scientists, to maintain honor, integrity and
165. honesty in all scientific activities, and to assume the other continuing
166. responsibilities of membership?" Members-elect and Associate
167. Members-elect who attend a regular initiation are expected to sign
168. the Constitution of the Society and the bylaws of the electing
169. chapter, whereupon they are admitted to membership in the Society.

170. C. Certificate of Membership. (i) Members and Associate
171. Members. Upon admission to membership, each new Member or
172. Associate Member shall receive a certificate of membership which
173. shall be in a form approved by the Assembly of Delegates, bear the
174. Seal of the Society, and be signed by the President of the Society, the
175. Executive Director, and the president and secretary of the electing
176. chapter or the Chair Chairman of the Ccommittee designated by the
177. Board on Qualifications and Membership. Each new Member or
178. Associate Member shall also receive the official emblem, or the
179. authorization to secure such emblem.

180. (ii) Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall receive a
181. suitable certificate of membership approved by the Board of
182. Directors, bearing the Seal of the Society, and signed by the
183. President and the Executive Director.

184. Section 7. Changes in Membership Status. A. Active to Inactive.
185. Active members who fail to comply with the provisions of Article
186. IV, Section 1 of the Constitution shall be transferred to inactive
187. membership, and shall be recorded as such in the Headquarters of
188. the Society.

189. B. Inactive to Active. An inactive member may, at any time and at
190. the member's discretion, be returned to active membership by
191. complying with the provisions of Article IV, Section 1 of the
192. Constitution, and by indicating to the Headquarters of the Society the
193. chapter, or the membership-at-large, with which the member wishes
194. to be affiliated. Such change shall be recorded appropriately in the
195. Headquarters of the Society.

196. C. Life Membership. Procedures for attainment of Life
197. Membership shall be established, from time to time, by the Board of
198. Directors and ratified by the Assembly of Delegates. Upon
199. attainment of Life Membership, the member is relieved thereafter
200. from complying with the provisions of Article IV, Section 1 of the
201. Constitution.

202. D. Emeritus Status. Any active Member or Associate Member
203. who has paid annual dues for the immediately preceding 10 years
204. and who has reached the age of 65, or who, at any age, has paid
205. annual dues for the immediately preceding 30 years, may upon
206. retirement request emeritus status. This status permits continued
207. active association with the Society as provided for in Bylaw IV,
208. Section 1 A (iii).

209. BYLAW III. Organization of the Society

210. Section 1. Chapters. A. Chapters. (i) Location and
211. Requirements for a Chapter. A chapter may be established by
212. action of the Board of Directors, advised by a committee designated
213. by the Board the Committee on Qualifications and Membership,
214 at any location where scientific research is cultivated and promoted.
215. Of considerable importance are evidences of official commitments to
216. the development and support of research by the institution in the
217. immediate and long-range future.

218. Ordinarily locations approved for chapter status will be single
219. educational, governmental, or industrial institutions whose
220. permanency is reasonably assured. In some instances chapters may
221. be approved at locations whose research strength and potential is
222. dependent upon the combined research organizations of two or more
223. institutions so situated physically that they can participate together as
224. companions in zealous research.

225. Before any petitioning group can be recommended for chapter status,
226. a committee designated by the Board the Committee on
227. Qualifications and Membership shall ascertain by inquiry, study, and
228. visits, where appropriate, if the conditions at the institution(s)
229. involved are conducive to further scientific research.
230. (ii) The Petition. A petition for the granting of a charter for the
231. establishment of a chapter shall be communicated to the Executive
232. Director, who, in turn, shall refer it to the Ccommittee designated by
233. the Board on Qualifications and Membership to determine the
234. suitability of the petition. At least 18 active members, of whom at
235. least 9 must be full active Members, must agree in the petition to
236. become members of the chapter. If the Ccommittee on Qualifications
237. and Membership, by at least a three-fourths majority vote,
238. recommends approval of the Board of Directors, and it, in turn,
239. approves by a like vote, the Executive Director shall initiate the
240. process of installation of a new chapter.

241. (iii) Chapter Charter. Each charter for the establishment of a new
242. chapter shall be signed by the President and the Executive Director,
243. and shall be presented by the installing officer to the petitioning
244. group at a special installation ceremony arranged by the petitioning
245. group in consultation with the Executive Director. The form of the
246. charter is set forth in Bylaw III, Section 1 D E (i) (a) and (ii) (b),
247. below.

248. (iv) Affiliation with a Chapter. A Member or Associate Member,
249. upon presenting satisfactory credentials showing election to
250. membership in the Society, and complying with the provisions of
251. Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, is entitled to appropriate
252. membership in any chapter depending upon such relationship to the
253. institution(s) hosting the chapter as said institution(s) may require.

254. (v) Revocation of a Chapter Charter. Any chapter not in good
255. standing (Bylaw III, 1C) will be placed on probation for a one year
256. period by the committee designated by the Board to oversee chapter
257. activities. Committee on Qualifications and Membership. If after
258. one year on probation, a chapter has not returned to good standing,
259. the Ccommittee on Qualifications and Membership may initiate the
260. necessary action for revocation of the chapter's charter as indicated
261. below. The charter of a chapter may be revoked by the Board of
262. Directors, by a three-fourths majority vote of those present at a
263. meeting of the Board, and provided the Board action was taken in
264. response to a three-fourths majority vote of the members of the
265. Ccommittee on Qualifications and Membership present at a meeting
266. following a thorough investigation of the chapter concerned and the
267. taking of all possible remedial steps to preclude the necessity for
268. such action by the Ccommittee on Qualifications and Membership.

269. B. Good Standing of Chapters. To remain in good standing, a
270. chapter should (a) elect and initiate, via any mechanism open to the
271. chapter, new Members and/or Associate Members on at least one
272. occasion in two consecutive years, or, for chapters at non-academic
273. institutions, provide a record satisfactory to the appropriate
274. committee designated by the Board Committee on Qualifications and
275. Membership of either contributions to and involvement in
276. improvement of mathematics and science education or the
277. promotion of science or engineering to young people, (b) file with
278. the Executive Director an annual report on or about 1 July of each
279. year, providing evidence that the chapter is contributing to the
280. encouragement of scientific research, pure or applied, and is serving
281. the other objectives of the Society, (c) be represented at the
282. Assembly of Delegates at least once every three years, and (d)
283. provide timely annual notification to the Executive Director of the
284. officers of the chapter.

285. C. (reserved)

286. D. The Charter. The charter issued to a chapter shall contain two
287. paragraphs, to wit:

288. (i) First Paragraph. The first paragraph of the charter of a chapter
289. shall be in the following form:

290. "Be it hereby known that a charter for the establishment of a chapter
291. of Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society at .........to be known as
292. the ........Chapter, is hereby granted to the following persons as
293. Charter Members and Charter Associate Members, conveying to
294. them and to their duly elected successors all the privileges and
295. responsibilities conferred by the Constitution of the Society; (list of
296. names)"

297. (ii) Second Paragraph. The second paragraph of the charter of a
298. chapter shall be in the following form:

299. "In witness whereof, the signatures of the President and the
300. Executive Director, together with the Seal of the Society, are
301. hereunto affixed on the ..........day of ..........in the year......."

302. E. The Regions. Chapters located in North America are assigned to
303. the region in which they are located. Chapters located outside North
304. America shall be assigned to a region by the Board of Directors after
305. consultation with the chapter. A chapter having special ties to a
306. chapter in another region may ask to be reassigned, and the
307. Committee on Regions shall act on such a request. Once each
308. decade the Committee on Regions shall evaluate the distribution of
309. members and chapters within the regions and shall recommend to
310. the Board of Directors any changes to regional boundaries.

311. E. Geographic Regions. Chapters located in North America are
312. assigned to the geographic region in which they are located.
313. Chapters located outside North America shall be assigned to a
314. geographic region by the Board of Directors after consultation with
315. the chapter. A chapter having special ties to a chapter in another
316. region may ask to be reassigned, and the Board of Directors shall act
317. on such requests. Once each decade the Board of Directors shall
318. evaluate the distribution of members and chapters within the
319. geographic regions and make appropriate changes to geographic
320. boundaries.

321. F. Constituency Groups. Chapters located in the United States and
322. its territories are assigned by the Board of Directors to one of four
323. constituency groups of chapters from similar institutions. Chapters
324. located outside of the United States and its territories are assigned to
325. the Canadian/International constituency group. A chapter may ask to
326. be reassigned to a different constituency group, and the Board of
327. Directors shall act on such requests.

328. Section 2. The Assembly of Delegates. A. Duties of the
329. Assembly. The Assembly of Delegates shall meet annually in
330. General Session at which time the delegates shall hear and consider
331. reports of the officers, the Board of Directors, and the Standing and
332. Special Committees. Delegates shall consider and act upon old and
333. new business, and elect such officers and at-large Directors as may
334. be required.

335. B. Caucuses. Regional Assemblies. In addition to the General
336. Sessions of the Assembly of Delegates attended by all delegates, the
337. Annual Meeting shall provide time for caucuses meetings of each
338. geographic region and constituency group Regional Assemblies of
339. Delegates at which time the delegates of the several regions may
340. meet and conduct such discussions and business, including the
341. election of Regional a Directors, Regional Members of the
342. Committee on Nominations, , a member of the Committee on
343. Nominations, and members of the region or group Regional
344. Nnominating Ccommittees, as may be required. The Regional
345. appropriate Directors shall preside over the each caucus. Regional
346. Assemblies. Regional Directors prepare agendas of matters to be
347. discussed, which shall include matters of interest to science and to
348. the Society as a whole, as well as regional matters specific to the
349. interest of the geographic region or constituency group. , and The
350. Director may act as spokespersons for the geographic region or
351. constituency group at General Sessions of the Assembly of
352. Delegates.

353. C. (reserved)

354. D. (reserved)

355. E. (reserved)

356. F. Agenda of the General Session of the Assembly of Delegates.
357. (i) Order of Business. The Ppreliminary Agenda of the General
358. Session of an Assembly of Delegates shall set forth the order of
359. business proposed by the President. It shall include, but is not
360. limited to, appointment of a Credentials Committee and the Tellers,
361. approval of the proceedings of the last Assembly of Delegates,
362. Reports of Officers, Reports of Standing Committees, Reports and
363. Recommendations of the Board of Directors, Reports of Special
364. Committees, Report of the Resolutions Committee, and the Election
365. of Officers and Directors-at-Large. The Preliminary Agenda may be
366. amended at the opening of the First Session of said Assembly, and
367. shall be adopted by a majority vote of the Assembly of Delegates.

368. (ii) Change in the Order of Business. The regular order of
369. business, having been adopted, may be suspended or modified by a
370. three-fourths majority vote of the Assembly of Delegates.

371. (iii) Rules of Order. Meetings of the Assembly of Delegates shall
372. be conducted in accordance with Riddick's Rules of Procedure,
373. except when in conflict with the Constitution or Bylaws, in which
374. case the Constitution or Bylaws shall prevail. The President shall
375. serve as the presiding officer of the Assembly, and the Executive
376. Director as its secretary. The presiding officer may limit debate at
377. his pleasure for the purpose of maintaining the time schedule of the
378. Assembly.

379. (iv) Limitations on Resolutions. (a) No resolution, except those
380. reported by official committees or those hereinafter defined, will be
381. in order for consideration by an Assembly of Delegates unless
382. having been presented first to the Committee on Resolutions. All
383. proposed resolutions of a substantive nature, including motions, to
384. be eligible for passage at an Assembly of Delegates, must have been
385. submitted 90 days prior to the convening of that Assembly of
386. Delegates and circulated to the chapters 60 days in advance of the
387. meeting. The Executive Director shall inform the chapters of the
388. final date for submission of proposed resolutions, and invite the
389. chapters to make their submissions through the Executive Director.
390. (b) Motions and resolutions of a substantive nature offered by the
391. Board of Directors, or motions and resolutions merely expressing the
392. sense of the Assembly, such as commemorative resolutions, are
393. exempt from this provision. (c) Proposals concerning resolutions of
394. a substantive nature may be considered by the Assembly of
395. Delegates for inclusion on the agenda of the next Assembly of
396. Delegates, and a majority vote of the current Assembly of Delegates
397. on such a proposal shall require that it be placed on the agenda of the
398. next Assembly.

399. (v) The Committee on Resolutions. The President shall appoint a
400. Committee on Resolutions to consist of three members at least 90
401. days prior to the convening of an Assembly of Delegates. The
402. Executive Director shall inform the chapters of the final date for
403. submission of proposed resolutions, and invite the chapters to make
404. their submissions through the Executive Director.

405. Section 3. Officers of the Society. A. (reserved)

406. B. Election of Officers. (i) Nomination by the Committee on
407. Nominations. The Committee on Nominations shall present to the
408. chapters through the Executive Director, at least 60 days prior to the
409. convening of the Assembly of Delegates, a report which shall
410. provide: (a) at least two nominees for President-elect; (b) at least
411. two nominees for Treasurer, when required; together with (c) the
412. normal biographical information such as would be available in
413. standard publications and, in addition, data on past service to the
414. Society together with the assurance that the nominee will serve if
415. elected. To assist the Committee in its selection of nominees for
416. Treasurer, the President, in consultation with the President-elect and
417. the Chair Chairman of the Committee, shall appoint a search
418. committee of not less than three and not more than five persons,
419. none of whom may be an officer of the Society and not more than
420. two of whom may be members of the Committee on Nominations.
421. The search committee shall be appointed not less than three months
422. before the Committee on Nominations meets to determine its
423. nominees for Treasurer.

424. (ii) Additional Nominations. Additional nominations for
425. President-elect and for Treasurer may be made provided each
426. nominee is supported by at least three chapters and further provided
427. that the chapters have been furnished by the proposers through the
428. Executive Director at least 21 days prior to the convening of the
429. Assembly of Delegates with the name of the nominee and the
430. additional information required in (i) above.

431. C. (reserved)

432. D. Vacancies. (i) In One Office. In the case of a vacancy in the
433. office of President, the President-elect shall assume the office and
434. the duties of the President they he succeeds and also serve the full
435. presidential term of one year for which they were he was elected. In
436. the case of a vacancy in the office of President-elect, the most
437. recently retired president shall assume the duties, but not the office,
438. until the next Assembly of Delegates, at which time both a President
439. and a President-elect shall be elected. The newly elected President
440. shall, in the interim between election by the Assembly of Delegates
441. and the beginning of the elected term, serve as the President-elect.
442. In the case of a vacancy in the office of Immediate Past President,
443. the most recently retired President available shall assume the duties,
444. but not the office, for the remainder of the term. In the case of a
445. vacancy in the office of Treasurer, the President shall appoint a
446. Treasurer to serve until the next Assembly of Delegates, at which
447. time a successor shall be elected for the unexpired balance of the
448. term of office.

449. (ii) President and President-elect. Both Vacant. If the offices of
450. both President and President-elect are simultaneously vacant, the
451. Immediate Past President, or the Executive Director or Treasurer,
452. shall convene the Board of Directors, which shall have the authority
453. to fill the office of President and to appoint an individual to assume
454. the duties, but not the office, of President-elect until the next
455. Assembly of Delegates, at which time both a President and a
456. President-elect shall be elected. Those individuals elected shall
457. immediately assume office completing the unexpired terms of their
458. predecessors prior to serving the terms for which they were elected.
459. Section 4. Board of Directors.

460. A. (reserved) Membership. The Board of Directors shall consist
461. of the President, the President-elect, the Immediate Past President,
462. the Treasurer, the Executive Director (without vote), a Director
463. elected for each geographic region by the chapters in the region, a
464. Director elected for each constituency group by the chapters in the
465. group, and a Director elected by the membership-at-large. No
466. Director may occupy more than one seat on the Board of Directors.

467. B. Election of Regional Directors for Geographic Regions. (i)
468. Nomination and Voting. At the Annual Meeting one year prior to
469. electing a Director for a particular region, the caucus of that
470. geographic region Each Regional Assembly of Delegates shall elect
471. annually by ballot a Nominating Committee for the its region
472. following procedures established by each the region Regional
473. Assembly of Delegates and approved by the Board of Directors. The
474. Director for the geographic region shall be an ex officio member of
475. the Nominating Committee for the region. Each of the two Regional
476. Directors shall be an ex officio member of the Regional Nominating
477. Committee. In those years in which a Regional Director is required
478. to be elected, the Regional Nominating Committee shall report to the
479. chapters of its region, through the Executive Director, at least 60
480. days prior to the convening of the caucus Regional Assembly of
481. Delegates, a slate of at least three nominees residing in the regionfor
482. each position up for election, together with the normal biographical
483. data, information on the nominee's past service to the Society and the
484. assurance that the nominee will serve if elected. In those years in
485. which a member of the Committee on Nominations is to be elected,
486. a procedure such as that described for the nomination and election of
487. a Regional Director of a geographic region shall be followed. Voting
488. in the caucus a Regional Assembly for Regional Director shall be by
489. ballot, and each chapter represented by a delegate at the caucus
490. Regional Assembly of Delegates shall have one vote. The nominee
491. receiving the largest number of votes shall be declared elected,
492. except that if two, or more, nominees are tied for the largest number
493. of votes, they shall enter a run-off election. A Regional Directors
494. shall be limited to two full successive terms of office, but may be
495. nominated are eligible for nomination again for a term commencing
496. at least after an intervening three years after termination of the
497. previous term period. At any Annual Meeting, the caucus for a
498. geographic region may elect an Associate Director for a term of three
499. years, following the procedure for the nomination and election of a
500. Director. The Associate Director shall assist the Director for the
501. region and, at the request of the Director, may attend and vote at a
502. meeting of the Board of Directors in place of the Director.

503. (ii) Vacancies. In the event of a vacancy in the office of Regional
504. Director, that vacancy shall be filled by appointment by the
505. President, with the advice and consent of the President-elect of the
506. remaining Regional Director for the region concerned, said
507. appointee to serve until the next Annual Meeting Assembly of
508. Delegates at which time a special election shall be held by the
509. affected geographic region Regional Assembly of Delegates to fill
510. the unexpired term, following the regular procedures. If a Regional
511. Director ceases to reside in the region, the Director they may, with
512. the concurrence of the chapters and in the region, continue to serve
513. as a Regional Director until the expiration of the Director's their
514. term.

515. (iii) Notification. The name of the newly elected Regional Director
516. (if any), the newly elected member of the Committee on
517. Nominations (if any), and of the members of the Geographic
518. Regional Nominating Committee shall be reported to the Executive
519. Director by the presiding officer of each caucus Regional Assembly
520. of Delegates.

521. (iv) Duties. The Regional Directors for a geographic region, in
522. addition to the duties stated in the Constitution and in other sections
523. of the Bylaws, shall work with, give advice to, and contribute to the
524. health of chapters within the their region.

525. C. Election of Directors for Constituency Groups. (i)
526. Nomination and Voting. At the Annual Meeting one year prior to
527. electing a Director for a particular group, the caucus of that
528. constituency group shall elect by ballot a Nominating Committee
529. for the group following procedures established by the group and
530. approved by the Board of Directors. The Director for the
531. constituency group shall be an ex officio member of the Nominating
532. Committee for the group. In those years in which a Director is
533. required to be elected, the Nominating Committee shall report to the
534. chapters of its group, through the Executive Director, at least 60 days
535. prior to the convening of the caucus , a slate of at least three
536. nominees residing in the group for each position up for election,
537. together with the normal biographical data, information on the
538. nominee's past service to the Society and the assurance that the
539. nominee will serve if elected. In those years in which a member of
540. the Committee on Nominations is to be elected, a procedure such as
541. that described for the nomination and election of a Director of a
542. constituency group shall be followed. Voting in the caucus for
543. Director shall be by ballot, and each chapter represented by a
544. delegate at the caucus shall have one vote. The nominee receiving
545. the largest number of votes shall be declared elected, except that if
546. two, or more, nominees are tied for the largest number of votes, they
547. shall enter a run-off election. A Director shall be limited to two full
548. successive terms of office, but may be nominated again for a term
549. commencing at least three years after termination of the previous
550. term. At any Annual Meeting, the caucus for a constituency group
551. may elect an Associate Director for a term of three years, following
552. the procedure for the nomination and election of a Director. The
553. Associate Director shall assist the Director for the group and, at the
554. request of the Director, may attend and vote at a meeting of the
555. Board of Directors in place of the Director.

556. (ii) Vacancies. In the event of a vacancy in the office of Director,
557. that vacancy shall be filled by appointment by the President, with the
558. advice and consent of the President-elect , said appointee to serve
559. until the next Annual Meeting at which time a special election shall
560. be held by the affected constituency group to fill the unexpired term,
561. following the regular procedures.

562. (iii) Notification. The name of the newly elected Director (if any),
563. the newly elected member of the Committee on Nominations (if
564. any), and of the members of the Constituency Group Nominating
565. Committee shall be reported to the Executive Director by the
566. presiding officer of each caucus.

567. (iv) Duties. The Director for a constituency group, in addition to
568. the duties stated in the Constitution and in other sections of the
569. Bylaws, shall work with, give advice to, and contribute to the health
570. of chapters within the group.

571. D. C. Election of the Directors for the Membership-at-Large. (i)
572. Nominations and Voting. At least one year before the election of a
573. Director by the membership-at-large, the membership-at-large shall
574. elect a Nominating Committee consisting of 5 members-at-large.
575. The Nominating Committee shall present to the membership-at-large
576. through the Executive Director at least 60 days prior to the voting for
577. Director, The Committee on Nominations shall present to the
578. chapters through the Executive Director at least 60 days prior to the
579. convening of the Assembly of Delegates, a report which will provide
580. at least three nominees from the membership-at-large for each at-
581. large member of the Board of Directors to be elected at said
582. Assembly, together with the normal biographical information, data
583. on the nominee's past service to the Society and assurance that the
584. nominee will serve if elected. The Executive Director shall advise
585. the membership-at-large of the nominees for Director, and their
586. biographical information, and provide the opportunity for each
587. member-at-large to cast a ballot to elect the Director within a 60 day
588. period. Each chapter and each delegate representing the
589. Membership-at-Large shall be entitled to vote for not more than the
590. number of positions to be filled. The nominee receiving the largest
591. number of votes shall be declared elected. fill that position having
592. the longest term available, the one with the next largest number of
593. votes, the next longest term, etc., until all the positions have been
594. filled. A Directors-at-Large shall be limited to two full successive
595. terms of office. but may be nominated again for a term commencing
596. at least three years after termination of the Director's previous term.
597. The Board of Directors is empowered to detail further procedures for
598. the election of the Nominating Committee and the Director.

599. (ii) Vacancies. In the event of a vacancy in the office of Director
600. from the membership-at-large, that vacancy shall be filled by
601. appointment by the President, with the advice and consent of the
602. President-elect, to complete the unexpired term Additional
603. Nominations. Additional nominations for at-large membership on
604. the Board of Directors may be made in the manner prescribed for
605. additional nominations of officers (see Section 3 B (ii), above).

606. (iii) Notification. The name of the newly elected Director and the
607. members of the Nominating Committee shall be reported to the
608. membership-at-large by the Executive Director. Vacancies. In the
609. event of a vacancy in the office of Director-at-Large, that vacancy
610. shall be filled by appointment by the President, said appointee to
611. serve until the next Assembly of Delegates at which time a special
612. election shall be held by the General Assembly to fill the unexpired
613. term, following the regular procedures.

614. (iv) D. Delegates. Duties of Directors-at-Large. The Director from
615. the membership-at-large, and two members-at-large, appointed by
616. the President on recommendation of the Director, shall be accredited
617. as delegates from the membership-at-large at each Assembly of
618. Delegates. Directors-at-Large shall serve on the Board of Directors
619. and the Committee on Awards. Two Directors shall serve as
620. accredited delegates for the membership-at-large at each Assembly
621. of Delegates. In addition, Directors-at-Large shall: (a) whenever
622. possible, assist in the revitalization of, and provide assistance to,
623. chapters; (b) whenever possible, represent the Society at
624. installations of chapters; and (c) serve on one of the following
625. standing committees: Finances, Audit Review, Qualifications and
626. Membership, Meetings, International, and Program.

627. D. Quorum of the Board of Directors. Eleven of the Directors
628. (including designated Associate Directors) and Officers with
629. vote, shall constitute a quorum of the Board of Directors.

630. E. Section 5. The Executive Committee. A. Membership. (i)
631. Selection of Members. The Board of Directors shall, at a meeting
632. held prior to 1 July of each year, designate a Director-at-Large, in
633. even numbered years a Director elected by a constituency group and
634. a Regional Director and a Committee Chair, in odd numbered years
635. a Director elected by a geographic region to serve on the Executive
636. Committee for the ensuing two years. In selecting the Directors and
637. the Committee Chairman to serve, consideration shall be given to the
638. availability of the individual to serve for two years and to attend
639. meetings.

640. (ii) Selection of Alternates. If, in connection with the call of a
641. meeting of the Executive Committee, it shall be determined that an
642. officer or designated member will be unable to attend the meeting, it
643. shall be the responsibility of that individual to select, from among
644. the other members of the Board of Directors, an alternate to serve in
645. the member's place.

646. B. Duties and Limitations. The Executive Committee of the
647. Board of Directors shall have the following specific duties, subject,
648. however, to the conditions, limitations and requirements set forth
649. below.

650. (i) Powers. The Executive Committee shall have the power to act
651. for the Board of Directors between meetings with respect to matters
652. not excluded in subsection (v) below: (a) when action is required
653. and the exigencies of the situation will not permit a delay until the
654. next meeting of the Board of Directors or until a mail ballot can be
655. taken; or (b) when the degree of confidentiality is so great as to
656. require consideration by a smaller group; or (c) when the Executive
657. Director requires an advise-and-consent service.

658. (ii) Duties. It shall be the duty of the Executive Committee to assist
659. the Board of Directors by: (a) giving preliminary consideration to
660. matters which do not come within the purview of other committees
661. or where time does not permit referral to the otherwise appropriate
662. committee; (b) meeting shortly before each meeting of the Board of
663. Directors to study agenda items with the purpose of clarifying their
664. presentation to the Board of Directors in order to obtain informed
665. Board decisions in the shortest time; and (c) considering such
666. specific matters as shall be referred to it from time to time by the
667. Board of Directors and taking such action with respect thereto as
668. shall be called for by the Board's referral.

669. (iii) Responsibilities. The Executive Committee shall be
670. responsible to the Board of Directors for providing: (a) overall
671. supervision of the Headquarters of the Society, and (b) advise-and-
672. consent services to the Executive Director in connection with
673. operational matters and policies, including major staff appointments
674. and personnel policies.

675. (iv) Right of Co-optation. The Executive Committee shall have
676. the power, as occasioned, to co-opt, as resource persons, such
677. members of the Society, or others, as it shall deem appropriate to
678. discharge its duties and functions.

679. (v) Limitations. The Executive Committee shall not have the
680. power to: (a) elect or remove officers, except to remove the
681. Executive Director; (b) act in contravention of policies established
682. by the Board of Directors; (c) authorize the sale or other disposition
683. of all or any substantial portion of the assets of the Society; (d) act
684. for the Board of Directors in granting and revoking charters for
685. chapters confirming or denying recommendations of the Committee
686. on Qualifications and Membership concerning chapter evolution; or
687. (e) create and authorize new policy.

688. (vi) Record of Actions. A record shall be kept of the formal actions
689. of the Executive Committee, and a report thereon shall be made to
690. the next meeting of the Board of Directors as the Board shall from
691. time to time require.

692. (vii) Quorum. Five members, including designated alternate
693. members, shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Committee.

694. Section 6. Standing Committees of the Society. Unless otherwise
695. specified in the Bylaws or in a resolution of the Board of Directors,
696. the membership of the Standing Committees of the Society will be
697. by appointment of by the President, with the advice and consent of
698. the President-elect, upon recommendation of the Committee
699. Chair Chairman. The President and the President-elect shall be
700. members, ex officio, and with the vote, of all Standing Ccommittees
701. except the Committees on Audit Review and Nominations.
702. established by subsections B. and C. of this Section, except for the
703. Committee on Nominations (C, (vi)). In the event that a member of
704. a Committee, other than the Committee on Nominations, is unable to
705. attend a scheduled meeting, the Chair Chairman of the Committee,
706. after consultation with the Executive Director and the member
707. concerned, may co-opt a qualified person to serve, with the vote, in
708. the member's place. A Chair Chairman of a standing committee
709. other than the Committee on Nominations, may also invite other
710. individuals, as resource persons without vote, if in consultation with
711. the Executive Director such participation is deemed necessary for the
712. discharge of the Committee's mandate.

713. A. Policy and Evaluation of the Society. The following Standing
714. Committees shall be concerned principally with policy and
715. evaluation of the Society and of its activities:

716. A. (i) Committee on Finances. (a) Membership of the
717. Committee. The Committee on Finances shall consist of the
718. Treasurer as Chair Chairman, together with the President, the
719. President-elect and the Executive Director, ex officiis, and six
720. members, three of whom shall not be Directors, nominated by the
721. Treasurer and approved by the Board of Directors. (b) Duties. It
722. shall be the duty of this Committee to advise the Board of Directors
723. of the Society and of the Corporation regarding all aspects of the
724. finances of the Society and Corporation, including, but not limited to
725. the raising and acquisition of capital funds; the investment of its
726. endowments, funds and reserves; and the annual budgets for
727. research, operations and capital equipment, including the physical
728. plant. It shall prepare an annual budget for the consideration of the
729. Board of Directors at its spring meeting, and a copy of the annual
730. budget will be furnished to each chapter at least 60 days prior to the
731. Assembly of Delegates.

732. (ii) Committee on Development. The Committee on Development
733. shall consist of a Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a
734. term of four years, together with six other members appointed
735. annually. It shall be the duty of this Committee to advise the Board
736. of Directors on all matters which concern the development activities
737. of the Society.

738. B. (iii) Committee on Audit Review. The Committee on Audit
739. Review shall consist of three members of the Board of Directors
740. appointed at the Annual Meeting of the Society and of the
741. Corporation to serve between Annual Assemblies of Delegates. The
742. senior member shall serve as Chair Chairman. It shall be the duty of
743. this committee to: (a) discuss with the auditors the scope and results
744. of their examinations, (b) establish and maintain an open line of
745. communication between the Board of Directors and the auditors, (c)
746. assure itself that the accounting procedures and financial controls of
747. the Society and of the Corporation adequately safeguard the assets of
748. the Society and of the Corporation and ensure the reliability of its
749. financial records and (d) ascertain that the official auditors do
750. contribute to Sigma Xi any and all of the affirmative comments and
751. suggestions which can be helpful in improving the overall operations
752. of the Society.

753. (iv) Committee on Long-Range Planning. The Committee on
754. Long-Range Planning shall consist of a Chairman, elected by the
755. Board of Directors for a term of four years, together with the
756. President, President-elect, Immediate Past President, Treasurer and
757. five other members appointed for terms of five years each. Each
758. President, when leaving office, shall appoint one new member to the
759. Committee for a term of five years. The Committee shall annually
760. elect one of the appointed members to serve as the Vice-Chairman of
761. the Committee. It shall be the duty of this Committee to advise the
762. Board of Directors on all matters concerning the objectives, policies,
763. plans, future activities and the well-being of the Society. It shall
764. initiate studies as well as respond to requests from the Board of
765. Directors.

766. B. Maintenance of the Society's Standards. The following
767. standing committees shall be concerned with the maintenance of the
768. Society's standards in regard to both membership and organization:

769. (i) Committee on Qualifications and Membership. The
770. Committee on Qualifications and Membership shall consist of a
771. Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a term of four years,
772. together with eight other members appointed annually. This
773. Committee shall have the responsibility for: (a) ensuring the vitality
774. of chapters that have the potential to be vital units of the Society; (b)
775. determining the suitability of any petitioning group to be granted
776. chapter status and making the appropriate recommendations to the
777. Board of Directors; (c) studying and making recommendations to the
778. Board of Directors in cases of chapters failing to remain in good
779. standing; (d) monitoring and encouraging the health and
780. performance of chapters; (e) making recommendations to the Board
781. of Directors on matters of policy concerning membership in the
782. Society; (f) serving through a subcommittee appointed by the Chair
783. as the Committee on Admissions for the membership-at-large, or on
784. behalf and at the request of chapters; and (g) render judgment in
785. cases involving eligibility for membership referred to it by a chapter
786. or the Board of Directors. The Chairman, together with two
787. Directors-at-Large, shall be accredited as delegates to the Annual
788. Assembly of Delegates to represent the membership-at-large.

789. (ii) The Committee on Regions. The Committee on Regions shall
790. consist of the regionally elected members of the Board of Directors
791. together with a Chairman appointed by the President, with the advice
792. and consent of the President-elect. It shall be the duty of this
793. Committee to assist and to advise the Board of Directors concerning
794. the health of the Society's organizations and activities in the several
795. regions, collect and disseminate information on group and regional
796. programs and activities, assist in the coordination of national
797. programs such as lectureships and meetings with group and regional
798. activities, plan and coordinate the session of Regional Meetings of
799. the Assembly of Delegates.

800. (iii) Committee on Meetings. The Committee on Meetings shall
801. consist of the Executive Director as Chairman; the General
802. Chairman of the last Annual Meeting, the President-elect, and the
803. President-elect Designate, ex officiis; together with four appointed
804. members. It shall be the duty of this Committee to advise the Board
805. of Directors on all matters pertaining to Annual Meetings, including
806. dates and locations, and to assist regions with the planning and
807. coordination of their regional meetings.

808. C. (iv) Committee on Nominations. (a) The Committee on
809. Nominations shall consist of one member elected by each geographic
810. region, one member elected by each constituency group, one
811. member elected by the membership-at-large, and the three most
812. recently retired and available presidents of the Society. The Chair
813. shall be elected by the Board of Directors from among the members
814. of the Committee other than the retired presidents. No Director may
815. serve on the Committee. The elected members of the Committee
816. shall be elected to three-year rotating terms. An elected member of
817. the Committee shall be limited to one three year term but may be
818. nominated again for a term commencing at least three years after
819. termination of the previous term. a Chairman elected by the Board of
820. Directors at its meeting held immediately following the Assembly of
821. Delegates from among the six regionally elected members, together
822. with the remaining five regionally elected members and the three
823. most recent, and available, past presidents of the Society. The six
824. regionally elected members, none of whom may serve
825. simultaneously as a member of the Board of Directors, except as
826. Chairman of the Committee on Nominations, shall be elected to
827. three-year, rotating terms by the several Regional Assemblies of
828. Delegates. It shall be the duty of this Committee to present
829. nominations to the Assembly of Delegates for the officers and
830. Directors-at-Large to be elected as required by Bylaw III, Section 3 B
831. (i), and Bylaw III, Section 4 C (i), which nominations will provide
832. for appropriate representation from the various segments of the
833. membership and which nominations may not include individuals
834. currently serving on the Committee. All nominations by this
835. Committee shall reach the Executive Director in sufficient time to be
836. included in the call of the Assembly of Delegates as required in
837. Article III, Section 2 B of the Constitution. Procedures of this
838. Committee shall conform to those established by the Executive
839. Committee, and copies thereof shall be furnished to each member of
840. the Committee immediately after election or designation. The term
841. of this Committee shall commence upon the adjournment of the
842. Assembly of Delegates and terminate upon the adjournment of the
843. succeeding Assembly of Delegates. If a regionally-elected member
844. of this Committee is temporarily or permanently unable to
845. participate in person in the work of the Committee, for whatever
846. reason, the Regional Directors of the Region concerned, in
847. consultation with the Chairman of the Committee, shall appoint a
848. qualified person as an alternate to serve in the member's place. An
849. alternate shall serve until the elected member is able to resume the
850. place, or until such time as a Regional Assembly of Delegates of that
851. Region shall elect a successor to fill the unexpired term. (b) Special
852. Provision. Regionally-elected members of the Committee on
853. Nominations elected by the Northwest and Southeast Regional
854. Assemblies of Delegates during the Annual Meeting for the year
855. ending 30 June 1999 shall serve on the Committee on Nominations
856. until the end of the Assembly of Delegates in the year ending 30
857. June 2001. This section [Bylaw III 6B (iv) (b)] will be revoked and
858. annulled at the conclusion of the Assembly of Delegates at the
859. Annual Meeting in the year ending 30 June 2001 without further
860. action by the Board of Directors.

861. (v) Committee on Diversity. The Committee on Diversity shall
862. consist of a Chairperson elected by the Board of Directors for a term
863. of four years, together with seven other members appointed annually.
864. The Committee shall (a) recommend to the Board of Directors on
865. matters of policy concerning the diversity of the Society; (b)
866. recommend to the Board of Directors on matters of policy and
867. actions to encourage increases in participation and success of
868. underrepresented groups in science, mathematics, and engineering;
869. (c) recommend to the Board of Directors on actions to pursue
870. cooperative participation and communication with other professional
871. organizations concerning these issues.

872. C. Activities of the Society. The following standing committees
873. shall be concerned principally with the planning, organizing and
874. controlling of the activities of the Society other than those directly
875. related to the development and maintenance of the membership and
876. organization:

877. (i) Committee on Grants-in-Aid of Research. The Committee on
878. Grants-in-Aid of Research shall consist of a Chairman elected by the
879. Board of Directors for a term of four years, together with eleven
880. other members appointed annually. It shall be the duty of this
881. Committee to act upon the applications for financial assistance for
882. research proposals within the limits set by the Board of Directors.

883. (ii) Committee on Awards. The Committee on Awards shall
884. consist of the Directors-at-Large, one of whom shall be appointed
885. annually by the President, with the advice and consent of the
886. President-elect, as Chairman. This Committee shall: (a.) recommend
887. to the Board of Directors the recipients of awards, other than awards
888. administered by the Committee on Grants-in-Aid of Research, to be
889. made by the Society; (b) nominate to the Board of Directors names
890. of individuals to be elected as Honorary Members of the Society;
891. and (c) recommend to the Board of Directors on policy for the
892. participation of the Society in the selection of individuals to receive
893. awards given through other mechanisms.

894. (iii) Committee on Lectureships. The Committee on Lectureships
895. shall consist of a Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a
896. term of four years, together with eleven other members appointed
897. annually. It shall be the duty of this Committee to make
898. recommendations to the Board of Directors for national, regional and
899. other lecture programs, and to implement and manage the approved
900. programs.

901. (iv) Committee on Publications. The Committee on Publications
902. shall consist of a Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a
903. term of four years, together with the Editor of American Scientist,
904. the Executive Director and four other members appointed annually.
905. It shall be the duty of this Committee to advise the Board of
906. Directors on all matters which concern the publications of the
907. Society. The Chairman may also serve as the Chairman of the
908. Editorial Board of American Scientist.

909. (v) Committee on Programs. The Committee on Programs shall
910. consist of a Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a term of
911. four years, together with eight other members appointed annually. It
912. shall be the duty of this Committee to (a) recommend programs that
913. relate directly to the missions of the Society; and (b) periodically
914. review the programs of the Society and recommend possible actions
915. to strengthen or modify these programs.

916. (vi) International Committee. The International Committee shall
917. consist of a Chairman elected by the Board of Directors for a term of
918. four years, together with seven other members appointed annually.
919. This Committee shall assist and advise the Board of Directors
920. concerning the health of the Society's organizations and activities
921. outside of Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. It
922. shall make recommendations to the Board of Directors concerning
923. the international affairs of the Society and perform such other duties
924. as may from time to time be deemed advisable.

925. D. (reserved) Other Committees of the Society. Committees for
926. the operations and activities of the Society may be established and
927. disestablished by the Board of Directors from time to time. The
928. Board of Directors shall define the duties and responsibilities of a
929. committee, the number of members to serve on the committee, and
930. the duration of the committee. In establishing a committee, the
931. Board of Directors, by a two-thirds vote, may require that the
932. committee be disestablished only by a two-thirds vote. Unless
933. otherwise provided for in the resolution establishing a committee,
934. the chair of the committee shall be elected by the Board of Directors.

935. E. Terms of Chairs and Members of Committees. Terms of
936. chairs chairmen and members of all standing committees of the
937. Society, except for the Committee on Audit Review Committee and
938. the Committee on Nominations, which have special terms as set
939. forth in the appropriate Bylaw, shall coincide with the Society's
940. Year.

941. F. Reports of Standing Committees. Reports and
942. recommendations of standing committees made to the Board of
943. Directors of the Society shall also be considered made to the Board
944. of Directors of the Corporation whenever and wherever deemed
945. necessary.

946. Section 7. Meetings. A. Notice. Notice shall be interpreted to be:
947. (a) 15 days for meetings of the Board of Directors, and (b) five days
948. for meetings of the Executive Committee or any standing committee
949. and any committee of the Society.

950. B. Manner of Giving Notice. Notice shall be given by mail,
951. telephone, telegraph, electronically or personally. Meetings may be
952. held by conference call. Notice may be waived either before or after
953. a meeting by any person entitled thereto.

954. Section 8. (reserved)

955. Section 9. The Executive Director. The Executive Director shall
956. be the custodian of the Seal of the Society and of the Archives of the
957. Society, and shall plan and direct the affairs of the Society in
958. accordance with the guidance of the President, President-elect,
959. Immediate Past President, Treasurer and the Executive Committee,
960. subject to the policies established by the Board of Directors. Unless
961. the Board of Directors, upon the recommendation of the Committee
962. on Publications, shall make other arrangements, the Executive
963. Director shall serve as the publisher of the publications of the
964. Society.

965. Section 10. (reserved)

966. BYLAW IV. Dues and Expenses of the Society

967. Section 1. Dues and Fees. A. Annual Dues. (i) How Set. Dues
968. for the active membership, except for Life Members, shall be set
969. annually by a plurality vote of the Assembly of Delegates upon the
970. recommendation of the Board of Directors at a rate consonant with
971. the policies relative to dues and financial administration set by the
972. Assembly of Delegates.

973. (ii) Reduced Dues. Members and Associate Members who are
974. eligible may request one or other of the following reductions, but not
975. both. (a) Same household. In cases where two members of the same
976. household are active in the Society and only one copy of American
977. Scientist is requested, a reduction equal to one-half of the annual
978. dues of that member not receiving copies of American Scientist is
979. made in the combined annual dues, provided that both renewal
980. notices are paid and returned together. (b) Full-time students.
981. Members or Associate Members who are full-time degree-seeking
982. students at an institution of higher education may request reduced
983. dues as established according to Bylaw IV 1 A (i).

984. (iii) Emeritus Members. The annual dues of each emeritus
985. member shall be equal to one-half of the current dues for the active
986. membership established according to Bylaw IV 1 A (i), and it may

987. be paid either by the individual or by the chapter with which the
988. member is affiliated on the member's behalf.

989. B. Life Membership Fee. The amount of the fee for life
990. membership shall be set from time to time by a plurality vote of the
991. Assembly of Delegates upon recommendation of the Board of
992. Directors.

993. C. Initial and Promotion Fees. (i) How Set. The amount of the
994. initial fee for newly elected members, and the amount of the
995. promotion fee for promotion to full membership, shall be
996. recommended by the Board of Directors and approved by a plurality
997. vote of the Assembly of Delegates. Initiates, and Associate
998. Members seeking promotion who are not active, shall also be
999. required to pay one year's annual dues as a condition of election or
1000. promotion.

1001. (ii) Reduction of Initial Fees. Any chapter may elect to reduce the
1002. initial fees by an amount equal to the local support allocation with
1003. the provision that no local support for that individual will be paid to
1004. the chapter with which that initiate is active during the first fiscal
1005. year following election. Any chapter electing to have reduced initial
1006. fees must do so for all such fees in that fiscal year.

1007. D. Assessments. If and when necessary for capital expenses, an
1008. assessment may be levied on all active members in such amount and
1009. payable on such terms as may be recommended by the Board of
1010. Directors and authorized by a plurality vote of the Assembly of
1011. Delegates.

1012. E. Local Chapter Dues. Local chapter dues, if assessed, shall be
1013. set in an amount and by procedures provided for in the bylaws of the
1014. chapter. The chapter shall have the option of collecting them
1015. directly or requesting the Treasurer of the Society to collect them.

1016. Section 2. Expenses. A. Proper Expenses. The proper expenses
1017. of the Society shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
1018. operations of the Headquarters of the Society; publication of
1019. American Scientist; the Lectureships Program; Grants-in-Aid of
1020. Research; authorized travel expenses of the staff, officers, members
1021. of the Board of Directors and members of standing and ad hoc
1022. committees in accordance with regulations approved by the Board of
1023. Directors; subvention of travel for delegates attending an Assembly
1024. of Delegates in accordance with regulations approved by the
1025. Assembly of Delegates and local support allocations.

1026. B. Local Support. The sum allocated from annual dues by a
1027. plurality vote of the Assembly of Delegates for local support of the
1028. chapters shall be forwarded by the Executive Director to the
1029. treasurers of the chapters, except that local support shall be withheld
1030. from any chapter not currently in good standing as defined in Bylaw
1031. III, Section 1 B.

1032. BYLAW V. Motto, Seal and Insignia of the Society

1033. Section 1. The Seal of the Society. The Seal of the Society shall
1034. show a wreath of laurel, typifying the honorary character of
1035. membership in the Society, arranged as an oval and enclosing the
1036. words "Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society" at the top, and
1037. the motto, in Greek, at the bottom. These words shall form an inner
1038. oval, concentric with the first, punctuated with ten stars, and
1039. enclosing a field illuminated by a Grecian lamp to represent the
1040. Lamp of Research. Above the lamp, in the field of illumination,
1041. shall be placed the monogram of the Society and the date, 1886,
1042. when it was founded.

1043. Section 2. Official Insignia. The official insignia shall be:

1044. A. The Key. A gold watch-chain pendant, charm or pin consisting
1045. of a four-piece monogram style of insignia in the shape of a key
1046. described as follows: the base is a large, brightly polished Greek
1047. letter X (Xi) scrolled out to shape and superimposed thereon a Greek
1048. letter S (Sigma). Affixed to the top of the base letter is a decorative
1049. post and ring, and at the base, a standard decorative key end. On the
1050. reverse side of the key may be engraved the name of the chapter in
1051. which the Member or Associate Member was initiated together with
1052. the date of initiation and initiate's name.

1053. B. The Ring. A gold insignia ring bearing the monogram of the
1054. Society together with a wreath of laurel, appropriately mounted.

1055. Section 3. Procurement. The various insignia shall be obtained
1056. only through the Office of the Executive Director, who shall arrange
1057. to have authorized orders filled by an official jeweler, the latter
1058. appointed by the Executive Director with the approval of the Board
1059. of Directors.

1060. Section 4. Colors. The colors of the Society shall be electric blue
1061. and white.

1062. Section 5. Stationery. The official stationery of the Society shall
1063. bear the monogram described in Article V of the Constitution.